Scapulothoracic dissociation: diagnosis and treatment.

Scapulothoracic dissociation is an important and increasingly common clinical condition resulting from massive traction injury to the anterolateral shoulder girdle with disruption of scapulothoracic articulation. It frequently is accompanied by an acromioclavicular separation, displaced clavicular fracture, or sternoclavicular disruption. Vascular lesions have been reported in 88% of patients and severe neurologic injuries occur in 94% of patients. Many patients have a poor outcome with a flail extremity in 52%, early amputation in 21%, and death in 10%. Early recognition of this injury combined with a logical treatment protocol can help to decrease the substantial morbidity and mortality associated with this condition.