Synthesis and renal excretion of technetium-99m-labeled organic cations.

Organic cations are excreted more efficiently than organic anions in uremia suggesting superiority as renal imaging agents. In this study, three 99mTc-labeled cationic cyclam complexes were synthesized and their renal clearance quantified in rats. The complexes are cleared at a rate of about 2.5-3 times that of inulin and about 60% that of p-amino-hipurate. Inhibition of 99Tc-cyclam excretion by quinine indicates transport by the organic cation process. Comparative in vivo imaging experiments demonstrated that in normal rats 99mTc-cyclam reached peak renal activity 1.8 +/- 0.6 min after injection, a value intermediate between that for [131I]OIH (1.0 +/- 0) and 99mTc-MAG3 (2.8 +/- 0.6). In rats injected with the acute nephrotoxin cisplatin, the times to peak were lengthened with the relative order being 99mTc-cyclam > 99mTc-MAG3 > [131I]OIH. The results demonstrate that cationic complexes may be useful for renal imaging diagnostic applications.