Factor structure of Benton's tests of visual retention, visual construction, and visual form discrimination.

The standard drawing and multiple-choice versions of the Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT), the Visual Form Discrimination Test (VFDT), the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised Digit Span subtest were administered to a mixed sample of 97 psychiatric, neurologic, and control subjects. Factor analysis of the Benton test battery measures alone showed that the standard and multiple-choice BVRT protocols performed very similarly. Scoring of the standard BVRT for errors and number of correct items was shown to be statistically redundant for this sample. Possible simplification of standard BVRT scoring was suggested. Copying and immediate visual-memory skills emerged as separable factors on the standard BVRT. When the AVLT and Digit Span measures were factor analyzed with the Benton lest battery measures, however, simple factorial structure emerged only for the AVLT measures (one factor) and the BVRT copying measures that were grouped with the VFDT. A verbal mediation component was thought to be associated with the multifactorial BVRT and multiple-choice BVRT results in this analysis.