Management of Crohn's disease of the ileoanal pouch with infliximab.

OBJECTIVES: The occurrence of Crohn's disease (CD) in a patient with an ileal-pouch anastomosis (IPAA) often results in severe morbidity and significant chance of reservoir loss. We report our experience of the use of infliximab in these patients.
METHODS: Medical records of 26 patients with an IPAA and CD-related complications were reviewed. The median time between the IPAA and the diagnosis of CD was 4.5 yr (range 0.1-16 yr). The main reasons for changing the original ulcerative colitis diagnosis to CD were complex perianal or pouch fistulizing disease in 14 patients (54%), prepouch ileitis in five (19%), and both prepouch ileitis and complex fistula in seven (27%). Patients received one to three doses of infliximab over 8 wk as induction therapy. Subsequently the patients received a variable number of maintenance infusions.
RESULTS: At a short term follow-up, 16/26 patients (62%) had a complete response, six of 26 (23%) had a partial response, and four of 26 (15%) had no response. Information regarding long term follow-up was available in 24 patients. After a median follow-up of 21.5 months (range 3-44 months), eight patients (33%) either had their pouch resected or had a persistent diverting ileostomy. The pouch was functional in 16/24 (67%) patients, with either good (n = 7) or acceptable (n = 7) clinical results in 14/24 (58%). Of those 14 patients, 11 were under long term, on demand, or systematic maintenance treatment with infliximab.
CONCLUSIONS: Infliximab is beneficial in both the short and long term treatment of patients with an IPAA performed for a presumed diagnosis of ulcerative colitis who subsequently develop CD-related complications. Good pouch function requires long term treatment with infliximab in most patients.