Mycotic aneurysm of the infrarenal abdominal aorta infected by Clostridium septicum: a case report of surgical management and review of the literature.

We report a surgical case of mycotic aneurysm of the infrarenal abdominal aorta infected by Clostridium septicum. The patient was first treated with an in situ prosthetic graft replacement. When the infection recurred 5 weeks after the aortic surgery, the patient was successfully treated by transposition of rectus abdominis muscle flap around the graft. Only 19 cases of mycotic aneurysm or aortic dissection caused by Clostridium septicum have been reported. Ten of 12 patients who underwent vascular surgery survived, whereas all 7 patients who did not undergo surgery died. Surgical treatment should be undertaken since the surgical results seem satisfactory.