Adipokinetic hormone inhibits the formation of energy stores and egg production in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus.

Adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) mobilise lipids, carbohydrates and/or proline from insect fat body stores. In addition, AKHs inhibit lipid and protein synthesis in the fat body. In the current study, 100 pmol homologous Grybi-AKH was injected twice daily into adult female crickets, Gryllus bimaculatus, starting on the day of adult emergence. The effects of the injected AKH on the formation of energy reserves in the fat body and on egg production were measured on day 4 after adult emergence. In comparison to water-injected control animals, lipid and protein content in the fat body of the AKH-injected crickets was significantly reduced, suggesting an inhibitory effect of AKH on the formation of lipid reserves and protein stores. The content of glycogen and free carbohydrate in the fat body was significantly higher in the AKH-injected animals. The most pronounced effect of the AKH-injections was a significant reduction of ovary mass, due to the retarded maturation of the oocytes and the significantly lower number of terminal oocytes produced. It is concluded that AKH inhibits egg production indirectly by interference with the formation of energy stores in the fat body that are mobilised to fuel egg production.