Radioresistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma with p53 DNA contact mutation.

Reliable variables to predict the radiosensitivity of each tumor have not been identified. Recent studies have demonstrated that specific regions of mutations within the core domain of p53 protein correlate with responses to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in some tumor types. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between specific p53 mutations and radiosensitivity in 49 patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) who underwent preoperative radiotherapy. Exons 5 through 8 of the p53 gene were examined by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism and direct sequencing. We detected p53 mutations in 27 (55.1%) cases. DNA contact mutations were detected in 11 (40.7%) of these 27 cases in L3 loop, loop-sheet-helix motif, and zinc-binding residues. Tumors containing p53 DNA contact mutations had significantly poorer responses to radiation than the other tumors, although no statistically significant difference between tumors with and without p53 mutations was found. These data indicate that DNA contact mutation of p53 could be a useful marker to predict the radioresistance of oral SCCs.