Detection of Salmonella spp. in tropical seafood by polymerase chain reaction.

The incidence of Salmonella spp. in tropical seafood was studied using standard microbiological techniques and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Six of 20 finfish (30%), 4 of 20 clams (20%) and 1 of 20 shrimp (5%) were positive by culture techniques and by PCR. In a comparative study of different selective enrichment broths and selective plating media, more than one enrichment broth and selective agar were found to be necessary for efficient detection of Salmonella from seafood. Selenite cystine broth (SCB) was found to be more efficient compared to tetrathionate broth (TTB) while both bismuth sulfite agar (BSA) and hektoen enteric agar (HEA) were equally effective as selective plating media for fish. In the case of clams, HEA was found to be more effective. The presence of Salmonella spp. could be detected by PCR amplification of DNA extracted directly from the enrichment broths. In two cases, enrichment broths that were positive by PCR did not yield Salmonella by conventional methods.