Literature DB >> 14522303

Intracameral antibiotic agents for endophthalmitis prophylaxis: a pharmacokinetic model.

Peter E Libre1, Phyllis Della-Latta, Nai Xun Chin.   

Abstract

PURPOSE: To assess in vitro whether intracameral antibiotic agents are plausibly effective prophylaxis against Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis.
SETTING: University research laboratory.Staphylococcus aureus was cultured for 8 hours with vancomycin (50 microg/mL) or piperacillin/tazobactam (512/64 microg/mL). Without reducing the bacterial counts, the antibiotic concentration was halved every 2 hours to simulate the half-life of antibiotic agents in the anterior chamber. The number of colony forming units (CFU)/mL was measured at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours.
RESULTS: Vancomycin inhibited the growth of methicillin-resistant S aureus such that the CFU/mL was 1000 times higher in the control group after 8 hours. Piperacillin/tazobactam nearly eliminated 1 oxacillin-susceptible strain and reduced the CFU/mL of another strain 1000-fold.
CONCLUSIONS: Intracameral vancomycin may inhibit the growth of S aureus in the anterior chamber after surgery. Inhibiting the growth could increase the chances that the eye's innate defenses would eliminate the bacterial contamination that could cause endophthalmitis.

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Year:  2003        PMID: 14522303     DOI: 10.1016/s0886-3350(03)00134-2

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  J Cataract Refract Surg        ISSN: 0886-3350            Impact factor:   3.351


  7 in total

1.  Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections of the eyes.

Authors:  Itzhak Brook
Journal:  Curr Infect Dis Rep       Date:  2008-05       Impact factor: 3.725

2.  Pharmacokinetics of vancomycin following intracameral bolus injection in patients undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery.

Authors:  Conor C Murphy; Steven Nicholson; Say Aun Quah; Mark Batterbury; Timothy Neal; Stephen B Kaye
Journal:  Br J Ophthalmol       Date:  2007-03-27       Impact factor: 4.638

3.  Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections of the eye and orbit (an American Ophthalmological Society thesis).

Authors:  Preston Howard Blomquist
Journal:  Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc       Date:  2006

4.  Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolation from the vitrectomy specimen four hours after initial treatment with vancomycin and ceftazidime.

Authors:  Golnaz Javey; Stephen G Schwartz; Andrew A Moshfeghi; Sanjay Asrani; Harry W Flynn
Journal:  Clin Ophthalmol       Date:  2010-03-04

5.  Intravitreal Injection of 1.25% Povidone Iodine Followed by Vitrectomy Using 0.025% Povidone Iodine Irrigation for Treating Endophthalmitis.

Authors:  Hiroyuki Nakashizuka; Hiroyuki Shimada; Takayuki Hattori; Koji Tanaka; Yorihisa Kitagawa; Kei Shinoda
Journal:  Transl Vis Sci Technol       Date:  2019-02-13       Impact factor: 3.283

6.  Endogenous Endophthalmitis successfully treated with Intravitreal Povidone-iodine injection: a case report.

Authors:  Hiroki Tanaka; Hiroyuki Nakashizuka; Yoshinobu Mizuno; Takayuki Hattori
Journal:  BMC Ophthalmol       Date:  2020-06-05       Impact factor: 2.209

7.  Postcataract endophthalmitis prophylaxis using irrigation, incision hydration, and eye pressurization with vancomycin.

Authors:  Lee P Schelonka; Margaret A SaBell
Journal:  Clin Ophthalmol       Date:  2015-07-17
  7 in total

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