Tomographic plaque imaging with CT: technical considerations and capabilities.

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is widely available in the world and has the ability to provide high-definition, thin-section imaging of any body part. In particular, CT over the past decade has been shown in numerous publications to allow for quantitation of coronary calcification, a proven surrogate for coronary artery atheromatous plaque. Electron beam tomography (EBT) and multidetector CT (MDCT) have been studied for these purposes. However, there are methodological differences between types of CT scanners and precision of calcium scoring is a function of their individual technical capabilities and limitations. These technical aspects are detailed here. Although MDCT has shown considerable improvements in recent years, EBT remains the clinical reference standard for noninvasive definition of atherosclerotic plaque.