[Pleuropulmonary staphylococcal infections in the infant].

In a study of 44 infants and young children with staphylococcal pneumonia and pleurisy, cases were found to be divisible into three clinical groups: those with predominantly digestive tract symptomatology (seven); those in acute respiratory distress (28); and those with signs of central nervous system disorder (nine). Characteristic radiographic findings often permitted an early etiologic diagnosis, confirmed later by bacteriologic culture or by the course of the disease. The length of hospitalization was found to be directly proportional to the length of time between the onset of symptoms and the start of adequate therapy. Nineteen patients required thoracotomy, two were drained by a Küss trocar, 13 required repeated pleural aspiration, five underwent spontaneous resorption of the empyema and five had no pleural effusion. In several instances antibiotics were used in very high dosage (three to four times the suggested maximal dose). The main agents used were erythromycin, chloramphenicol and ristocetin; the dosage of the last named never exceeded the maximal recommended dose. Twenty-eight patients were less than one year old; of these seven died. Sixteen were over one year of age, the oldest being six years; all of these were cured.