Occupational health hazards resulting from elevated work rate situations.

Some occupational health hazards resulting from an elevated rate of work due to recent mechanization and automatization are discussed on the basis of results of health examinations. A rapid increase of a cervicobrachial disorder among young cash register and packing machine operators has been observed. Switching to the use of electronic cash registers has been shown to have only limited efficacy due to increased operation speed, and high-speed complex finger and hand movements of packer operators have also proven to be as hazardous as key-board operations. The high incidence of low-back pain, in particular gradually developing pain, among workers in electric power supply work has been suggested to be the result of quick and intensified work to meet increasing supply demand. Likewise, the workload of electric locomotive and bullet train drivers has increased in accordance with increased train speeds, and has been shown to have had significant effects on their health particularly in regards to neural strain, intra-cab environment such as air pressure change, vibration, and noise, and rotation on irregular shifts. New steps seem required therefore to meet the new health problems arising from a combination of modern technological changes and elevated working speeds.