Troponin replacement in permeabilized cardiac muscle. Reversible extraction of troponin I by incubation with vanadate.

Calcium-dependent regulation of tension and ATPase activity in permeabilized porcine ventricular muscle was lost after incubation with 10 mM vanadate. After transfer from vanadate to a vanadate-free, low-Ca2+ solution (pCa greater than 8), the permeabilized muscle produced 84.8% +/- 20.1% (+/- S.D., n = 98) of the isometric force elicited by high Ca2+ (pCa approximately 4.5) prior to incubation with vanadate. Transfer back to a high Ca2+ solution elicited no additional force (83.2% +/- 18.7% of control force). SDS-PAGE and immunoblot analysis of fibers and solutions demonstrated substantial extraction (greater than 90%) of Troponin I (TnI). Calcium dependence was restored after incubation with solutions containing either whole cardiac troponin or a combination of TnI and troponin C subunits. This reversible extraction of troponin directly demonstrates the role of TnI in the regulation of striated muscle contractility and permits specific substitution of the native TnI with exogenously supplied protein.