Renal carcinoma in patients undergoing nephrectomy: analysis of survival and prognostic factors.

A series of 155 patients who underwent nephrectomy for renal carcinoma between 1965 and 1985 at Manchester Royal Infirmary were analysed for survival in relationship to presenting features, surgical staging and histopathology. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out. Five-year survival estimates for stage 1 disease were 81%, for stage 2 disease 65%, for stage 3 disease 39% and for stage 4 disease 6%. An erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) greater than 30 mm/h was associated with worse survival and a history of hypertension was associated with better survival. Renal vein invasion alone was related to worse survival. Perinephric fat invasion was also associated with worse survival and this association in the multivariate analysis was more significant than expected, suggesting that the principles of radical surgery should be observed. The presence of granular cells as opposed to clear cells worsened survival. Patients with papillary tumours had a better survival than those with solid tumours.