Characterization and localization of nitric oxide synthase in non-adrenergic non-cholinergic nerves from bovine retractor penis muscles.

1. Partially purified soluble nitric oxide (NO) synthase was isolated from the bovine retractor penis muscle (BRP), a tissue in which the inhibitory response to non-adrenergic non-cholinergic nerve (NANC) stimulation appears to be mediated by NO or NO-like material. 2. NO synthase from BRP used L-arginine as a substrate, required NADPH, tetrahydrobiopterin, and FAD as co-factors and was Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent. The activity of NO synthase was inhibited by NG-methyl-L-arginine and NG-nitro-L-arginine, and haemoglobin blocked the effect of NO formed by the enzyme. 3. On reducing SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the apparent molecular mass of NO synthase from BRP was 160 +/- 2 kDa, which is similar to that of the cerebellar NO synthase. Protein immunoblot and immunoprecipitation showed that NO synthase from BRP cross-reacted with the selective antiserum to neuronal NO synthase from rat cerebellum. 4. Immunohistochemistry using the same antiserum demonstrated that NO synthase in BRP was located exclusively within nerve fibres. Thus, autonomic nerves synthesizing the NANC neurotransmitter seem to contain an isoform of NO synthase which is similar to that from rat cerebellum.