Direct linkage of three tachykinin receptors to stimulation of both phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis and cyclic AMP cascades in transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells.

The mammalian tachykinin system consists of three distinct peptides, substance P, substance K, and neuromedin K, and possesses three corresponding receptors. In this investigation we examined intracellular signal transduction of the individual tachykinin receptors by transfection and stable expression of these receptor cDNAs in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The three receptors commonly showed a rapid and marked stimulation in both phosphatidylinositol (PI) hydrolysis and cyclic AMP formation in response to tachykinin interaction. Direct linkage of the three receptors to both phospholipase C and adenylate cyclase was evidenced by the finding that tachykinin, added together with GTP, activated these enzyme activities in membrane preparations derived from tachykinin receptor-expressing cells. The stimulation of cyclic AMP formation was less efficient than that of PI hydrolysis in receptor-expressing cells as well as their membrane preparations (about 1 order of magnitude difference in the effective peptide concentrations). However, the stimulatory responses of the PI hydrolysis and cyclic AMP formation in both receptor-expressing cells and their membrane preparations were induced in complete agreement with the tachykinin binding selectivity of each subtype of the receptors. This investigation demonstrated unequivocally that the tachykinin receptors have the potential to couple directly to both phospholipase C and adenylate cyclase and to stimulate PI hydrolysis and cyclic AMP formation.