Stimulation of IgM production in human-human hybridoma HB4C5 cells by chitosan.

We screened for immunoglobulin production stimulating factors (IPSFs) in polysaccharides using human-human hybridoma cells, HB4C5, cultured in serum-free medium. Among polysaccharides, citrus pectin, locust bean gum, and chitosan stimulated IgM production of HB4C5 cells. Especially chitosan showed the strongest IPSF activity; 100 ng/ml of chitosan stimulated IgM production approximately 5-fold. Chitosan had several characteristics as IPSF, as follows. 1) For the IPSF activity, 70-90% deacetylation was essential. 2) Chitosan oligomers (n = 5, 6, 7) and chitin oligomers (n = 5, 6, 7) showed no IPSF activities. 3) The IPSF activity of chitosan was inhibited by glucosamine, one of the constitutive sugars of chitosan. 4) Chitosan stimulated IgM production of human lymphocytes in serum-free culture, but not IgG or IgA, nor in serum-supplemented culture.