RATIONALE: Acute physical dependence refers to the withdrawal syndrome precipitated by an opioid antagonist administered several hours after either a single dose or a short-term infusion of an opioid agonist. OBJECTIVES: We examined the mechanism of nicotine-induced attenuation of naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndrome when used to produce an aversive motivational state in a place-conditioning paradigm. METHODS: The effect of nicotine was investigated through place aversion induced by naloxone in morphine-pretreated rats. Additionally, the mechanism of nicotine action in this model was explored specifically in relation to the dopaminergic system through the use of dopamine receptor antagonist and agonist. RESULTS: Place avoidance behavior was potently elicited by naloxone (0.5 mg/kg s.c.) 24 h after a single exposure to morphine (10 mg/kg s.c.). Avoidance behavior was attenuated by pretreatment with a 0.2-mg/kg dose of nicotine 15 min prior to naloxone administration. The effect of nicotine was completely blocked by mecamylamine, but not hexamethonium. The dopamine receptor antagonists haloperidol (0.05, 0.1 mg/kg, s.c.), SCH23390 (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.), raclopride (1.0 mg/kg, s.c.) and eticlopride (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) showed effects similar to mecamylamine. Additionally, the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine (0.03, 0.1, 0.3 mg/kg, s.c.) inhibited naloxone-induced place aversion in morphine-treated rats. CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effect of nicotine on place aversion induced by naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal may involve a dopaminergic portion of the central nervous system.
RATIONALE: Acute physical dependence refers to the withdrawal syndrome precipitated by an opioid antagonist administered several hours after either a single dose or a short-term infusion of an opioid agonist. OBJECTIVES: We examined the mechanism of nicotine-induced attenuation of naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndrome when used to produce an aversive motivational state in a place-conditioning paradigm. METHODS: The effect of nicotine was investigated through place aversion induced by naloxone in morphine-pretreated rats. Additionally, the mechanism of nicotine action in this model was explored specifically in relation to the dopaminergic system through the use of dopamine receptor antagonist and agonist. RESULTS: Place avoidance behavior was potently elicited by naloxone (0.5 mg/kg s.c.) 24 h after a single exposure to morphine (10 mg/kg s.c.). Avoidance behavior was attenuated by pretreatment with a 0.2-mg/kg dose of nicotine 15 min prior to naloxone administration. The effect of nicotine was completely blocked by mecamylamine, but not hexamethonium. The dopamine receptor antagonists haloperidol (0.05, 0.1 mg/kg, s.c.), SCH23390 (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.), raclopride (1.0 mg/kg, s.c.) and eticlopride (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) showed effects similar to mecamylamine. Additionally, the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine (0.03, 0.1, 0.3 mg/kg, s.c.) inhibited naloxone-induced place aversion in morphine-treated rats. CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effect of nicotine on place aversion induced by naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal may involve a dopaminergic portion of the central nervous system.
Authors: D H Malin; J R Lake; P Newlin-Maultsby; L K Roberts; J G Lanier; V A Carter; J S Cunningham; O B Wilson Journal: Pharmacol Biochem Behav Date: 1992-11 Impact factor: 3.533
Authors: Matthew J Erlendson; Nicole D'Arcy; Ellen M Encisco; Jeffrey J Yu; Lorena Rincon-Cruz; Gary Peltz; J David Clark; Larry F Chu Journal: Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse Date: 2016-08-11 Impact factor: 3.829
Authors: Giovanni C Santoro; Joseph Carrion; Krishna Patel; Crystal Vilchez; Jennifer Veith; Jonathan D Brodie; Stephen L Dewey Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2017-04-10 Impact factor: 7.853