Geographical subtypes demonstrated by RFLP following PCR in the LTR region of HTLV-I.

It has been demonstrated that specific mutations, localized in the long terminal repeat (LTR) region of HTLV-I, allowed to propose the existence of three HTLV-I subtypes. Because some of these mutations created or suppressed the restriction sites for ApaI, NdeI, DraI, SacI, MaeIII, and MaeII enzymes, these endonucleases were used for characterization of further 30 HTLV-I isolates. Seventeen proviral DNA from Japan, five from the Caribbean, one each from French Guyana, the United States, and China, two from Ivory Coast, and three from Zaire were tested. The DNA used were extracted from 26 in vivo peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples and from four cell lines obtained from two Japanese, one Chinese, and one North American patients. Digestions were performed on amplified DNA of the LTR region (nucleotides 31-768). The results confirm the existence of three subtypes of HTLV-I according to LTR sequences. Subtype I was observed only in patients from the Ivory Coast and Zaire. Subtype II was found in the patient from the French West Indies, and in 33% of the samples from Japan. Subtype III was most often observed in the Japanese but also in the Zairian patients.