Cutaneous innervation in chronic renal failure patients. An immunohistochemical study.

Most chronic renal failure patients suffer from generalized pruritus. An involvement of cutaneous nerve terminals in the pathogenesis of uremic pruritus has been suggested. Skin specimens from 24 uremic patients and 10 healthy subjects were processed with an indirect immunofluorescence method to investigate the presence and distribution of a number of neuronal markers and neuropeptides. No difference was found between the two groups in the distribution pattern of the positive nerve fibres. However, a reduction in the total number of skin nerve terminals in the uremic patients was detected. No correlation could be found between the immunohistochemical findings and the clinical features. Our results suggest that the skin innervation is altered in most chronic renal failure patients, possibly as a consequence of neuropathy.