Retrolental fibroplasia; a reduction in incidence following a decrease in use of oxygen therapy for premature infants.

The incidence of retrolental fibroplasia in a general hospital for the period January 1952 to January 1955 was reviewed and it was noted that a sharp decrease in incidence was associated with a reduction in the intensity of oxygen therapy. Retrolental fibroplasia developed most frequently in the smallest premature infants and no cases occurred in infants weighing more than 2,000 gm. at birth.