Dopaminergic regulation of cholecystokinin mRNA content in rat striatum.

The nigrostriatal dopaminergic activity was pharmacologically changed to assess whether dopamine (DA) regulates cholecystokinin (CCK) mRNA steady state in rat striatum. Cocaine and benztropine, two dopaminergic agonists known to induce DA release and to block its re-uptake, produced a time dependent increase in CCK mRNA content in rat striatum. A significant increase in striatal CCK mRNA was observed 8 h after a single injection of cocaine (15 mg/kg, i.p.) or benztropine (15 mg/kg, i.p.) whereas a two-fold increase was observed after a daily treatment for one week with these two dopaminergic agonists. Cocaine and benztropine failed to change CCK mRNA content in the cerebral cortex. Haloperidol, a dopaminergic receptor blocker, injected at 1 mg/kg, i.p., daily for 7 days, decreased CCK mRNA content in striatum but not in the cerebral cortex. Moreover, haloperidol blocked the effect of cocaine and benztropine, suggesting that the stimulation of striatal dopaminergic receptors is necessary for the induction of CCK biosynthesis. The neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine injected into the medial forebrain bundle, elicited a 50% decrease in striatal CCK mRNA, supporting the hypothesis that DA tonically regulates CCK biosynthesis in postsynaptic neurons. To characterize the dopaminergic receptor subtype involved in this regulation, BHT 920, a specific D2 receptor agonist and SKF 38393, a specific D1 receptor agonist were used. While one week treatment with BHT 920 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) increases striatal CCK mRNA content, SKF 38393 (3 mg/kg, i.p.) failed to change this parameter. These data suggest that the increase of striatal CCK mRNA is mediated by the activation of the D2 receptor subtype.