Genital papillomavirus infection in women treated for chlamydial infection.

Samples for chlamydia testing were taken from 298 and PAP smear from 284 non-pregnant sexually active young women in a midwife-run family planning dervice. Chlamydia was found in 36 (12.1%). Three women (1.1%) had cytological atypia corresponding to CIN I or II. Koilocytosis was seen in 9 smears (2.8%). Thirty-two of the chlamydia-positive women were followed for a mean of 15 months by a gynaecologist with chlamydia tests, colposcopy, PAP-smears and in some cases biopsies. There were 7 reinfections with chlamydia (22%). Signs of genital papillomavirus infection (GPVI) were found in 24 of the 32 chlamydia cases during follow-up. Twenty chlamydia-positive patients had abnormal colposcopy, 15 of them had other changes suggestive of GPVI, seven of these had CIN I or II. At follow-up 6 patients had cytologic atypia (18.8%) compared with the average 1.5% in this department during this period. Among 12 patients with normal colposcopy there were no cytological changes. Chlamydial infection calls for increased alertness regarding abnormal vaginal cytology even among young patients not commonly included in PAP smear screening programmes.