Lupus-derived human monoclonal IgM anti-DNA antibody displays monospecificity, high affinity and private idiotype specificity.

A human monoclonal IgM k anti-DNA antibody, designated 2F7, was prepared by somatic hybridization of peripheral blood lymphocytes from a lupus patient with a human-mouse heterohybridoma cell line, K6H6/B5. 2F7 was tested for its antigen binding and idiotypic specificity by direct binding and inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. 2F7 had a high binding activity to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) but not to double-stranded DNA. It cross-reacted with single-stranded homopolymers with pyrimidine bases and double-stranded polynucleotides containing those homopolymers, suggesting that 2F7 recognizes a conformational determinant made up of both deoxyribose-phosphate backbone and specific nucleotide base. 2F7 did not cross-react with eight structurally unrelated self-antigens. Dissociation constant (Kd) of 2F7 for sonicated ssDNA was approximately 4.5 x 10(-9) M, indicating its relatively high affinity. Idiotypic characterization with rabbit anti-idiotype raised against 2F7 suggested that 2F7 expressed an idiotype at or near its antigen-binding sites that was not detected in sera from 20 unrelated lupus patients, 10 lupus family members and 10 normal individuals. These results suggest that certain IgM class anti-DNA antibodies in human systemic lupus erythematosus may arise by antigen stimulation and not simply by polyclonal B-cell activation.