| Literature DB >> 12948523 |
Mohamad Azhar1, Jo El J Schultz, Ingrid Grupp, Gerald W Dorn, Pierre Meneton, Daniel G M Molin, Adriana C Gittenberger-de Groot, Thomas Doetschman.
Abstract
Transforming growth factor betas (TGFbetas) are pleiotropic cytokines involved in many biological processes. Genetic engineering and tissue explanation studies have revealed specific non-overlapping roles for TGFbeta ligands and their signaling molecules in development and in normal function of the cardiovascular system in the adult. In the embryo, TGFbetas appear to be involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transformations (EMT) during endocardial cushion formation, and in epicardial epithelial-mesenchymal transformations essential for coronary vasculature, ventricular myocardial development and compaction. In the adult, TGFbetas are involved in cardiac hypertrophy, vascular remodeling and regulation of the renal renin-angiotensin system. The evidence for TGFbeta activities during cardiovascular development and physiologic function will be given and areas which need further investigation will be discussed.Entities:
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Year: 2003 PMID： 12948523 PMCID： PMC3855389 DOI： 10.1016/s1359-6101(03)00044-3
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Cytokine Growth Factor Rev ISSN： 1359-6101 Impact factor: 7.638