Cardiac and renal mitochondria respond differently to hydrogen peroxide in suckling rats.

BACKGROUND: Overwhelming septicemia with multiple organ failure is one of the main causes of mortality with neonatal surgery. Liver, kidney, and heart are organs for which oxidative metabolism is particularly important. Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), a major mediator of sepsis, inhibits liver metabolism. Our aim was to determine the effects of H(2)O(2) on neonatal renal and cardiac oxidative metabolism.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mitochondria were isolated from the heart and kidney of 11 to 15-day-old rats. Oxygen consumption was measured polarographically in mitochondria incubated with different concentrations of H(2)O(2). State 3 oxygen consumption, which represents maximum mitochondrial oxidative flux, was measured in the presence of adenosine diphosphate. State 4 oxygen consumption, which represents oxygen consumption that is wasted and not used for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation, was measured after all adenosine diphosphate was used. beta-Oxidation flux and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I activity were measured radiochemically with increased levels of H(2)O(2).
RESULTS: H(2)O(2) impaired state 3 oxygen consumption at all concentrations tested in cardiac and renal mitochondria. H(2)O(2) had no significant effect on heart mitochondrial state 4 oxygen consumption but significantly increased that of kidney. Heart, but not kidney, beta-oxidation flux was inhibited by H(2)O(2). Neither cardiac nor renal carnitine palmitoyltransferase I activity was affected by H(2)O(2).
CONCLUSIONS: H(2)O(2) inhibits maximal rates of ATP generation by heart and kidney mitochondria but has a more severe effect on kidney mitochondria because more oxygen is wasted and not used for ATP generation. This decrease in ATP generation may be a factor in the dysfunction of these organs during sepsis.