Breast implant materials: sense and safety.

Cosmetic breast augmentation, and post-mastectomy breast reconstruction surgery using synthetic implants, have become established in surgical practice over more than 20 years. The operative technique for implant placement have changed somewhat during this time, as many different implant presentations have become available, but the same basic materials have remained in use. We have reviewed the present state of knowledge about breast implant materials with particular reference to the possible connection between polydimethylsiloxane and polyurethane to the so-called "Human Adjuvant Disease", and to carcinogenesis. Problems related to capsular contracture and mammography are also discussed.