D Koh1, V Ng, L H Chua, Y Yang, H Y Ong, S E Chia. 1. Department of Community, Occupational and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine MD3, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Republic of Singapore. cofhead@nus.edu.sg
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Measurement of blood lead (BPb) is the usual method for biomonitoring of persons exposed to inorganic lead. AIM: To explore the use of salivary lead (SPb) as an alternative. METHODS: BPb and SPb levels were measured in a group of 82 lead exposed adults. RESULTS: The mean BPb of the workers was 26.6 microg/dl (SD 8.6, range 10-48) and the mean SPb level 0.77 microg/dl, or 3% of the BPb level. As the SPb distribution was skewed, logarithmic transformation was performed to normalise the distribution. A bivariate scattergram of BPb and logSPb (r = 0.41, p = 0.00) had a line of best fit expressed as BPb = 29.7 + 8.95logSPb. The relation of logSPb and BPb was stronger among non-smokers (r = 0.42) compared to smokers (r = 0.3); and among those without a medical condition (r = 0.44). Multiple linear regression analysis (fitting smoking and medical condition into the model) yielded an R of 0.54, and an adjusted R(2) of 0.26. CONCLUSION: The study findings do not support the use of SPb for biomonitoring at BPb levels ranging from 10 to 50 microg/dl.
BACKGROUND: Measurement of blood lead (BPb) is the usual method for biomonitoring of persons exposed to inorganic lead. AIM: To explore the use of salivary lead (SPb) as an alternative. METHODS:BPb and SPb levels were measured in a group of 82 lead exposed adults. RESULTS: The mean BPb of the workers was 26.6 microg/dl (SD 8.6, range 10-48) and the mean SPb level 0.77 microg/dl, or 3% of the BPb level. As the SPb distribution was skewed, logarithmic transformation was performed to normalise the distribution. A bivariate scattergram of BPb and logSPb (r = 0.41, p = 0.00) had a line of best fit expressed as BPb = 29.7 + 8.95logSPb. The relation of logSPb and BPb was stronger among non-smokers (r = 0.42) compared to smokers (r = 0.3); and among those without a medical condition (r = 0.44). Multiple linear regression analysis (fitting smoking and medical condition into the model) yielded an R of 0.54, and an adjusted R(2) of 0.26. CONCLUSION: The study findings do not support the use of SPb for biomonitoring at BPb levels ranging from 10 to 50 microg/dl.
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