The detection of alcohol problems in a primary care clinic.

The CAGE is a four item questionnaire which is used to help clinicians identify alcohol problems. Charts of 433 primary care patients who were given a medical health form containing the CAGE questions (experimental patients) were compared with charts of 451 patients given a similar form that did not contain the CAGE questions (control patients). Alcohol problems were detected more frequently in the experimental patients (10.6%) than in the control patients (6.7%) (p < 0.05). This difference in detection tended to be most evident for persons with milder alcohol problems (problem drinking) as opposed to more well developed alcohol abuse. Experimental patients (3.7%) also tended to be more likely than control patients (2.9%) to receive active alcohol treatment during their initial medical visit. Medical health screening forms which include the CAGE questions may promote the identification of alcohol problems in primary care.