OBJECTIVES: To determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, two bacterial pathogens commonly associated with community-acquired pneumonia. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Bacterial isolates were obtained from adults suspected to have community-acquired pneumonia and who sought treatment at two city council clinics in Nairobi, Kenya. Susceptibility to antimicrobial agents was performed using a microdilution broth method, according to the criteria set by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. RESULTS: A total of 277 S. pneumoniae and 58 H. influenzae were obtained from 536 adults examined in the period January 1998 to December 1999. Of the 277 S. pneumoniae, only 56.7% were susceptible to penicillin and 7.6% of strains were resistant to two or more antimicrobial agents. Of the 58 H. influenzae strains, 91.4% were sensitive to ampicillin, with 6.8% resistant to two or more antimicrobial agents. 8.6% were beta-lactamase producers and accounted for the entire ampicillin-resistant population. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of resistance to penicillin and other commonly used antibiotics among pneumococci is high and the large number of multi-resistant strains among H. influenzae is a cause for concern. The prudent use of antibiotics in treatment of pneumonia and other infections should be advocated to minimise spread of resistance.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, two bacterial pathogens commonly associated with community-acquired pneumonia. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Bacterial isolates were obtained from adults suspected to have community-acquired pneumonia and who sought treatment at two city council clinics in Nairobi, Kenya. Susceptibility to antimicrobial agents was performed using a microdilution broth method, according to the criteria set by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. RESULTS: A total of 277 S. pneumoniae and 58 H. influenzae were obtained from 536 adults examined in the period January 1998 to December 1999. Of the 277 S. pneumoniae, only 56.7% were susceptible to penicillin and 7.6% of strains were resistant to two or more antimicrobial agents. Of the 58 H. influenzae strains, 91.4% were sensitive to ampicillin, with 6.8% resistant to two or more antimicrobial agents. 8.6% were beta-lactamase producers and accounted for the entire ampicillin-resistant population. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of resistance to penicillin and other commonly used antibiotics among pneumococci is high and the large number of multi-resistant strains among H. influenzae is a cause for concern. The prudent use of antibiotics in treatment of pneumonia and other infections should be advocated to minimise spread of resistance.
Authors: J Anthony G Scott; Salim Mwarumba; Caroline Ngetsa; Salome Njenga; Brett S Lowe; Mary P E Slack; James A Berkley; Isaiah Mwangi; Kathryn Maitland; Mike English; Kevin Marsh Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2005-07 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Dean B Everett; Mavuto Mukaka; Brigitte Denis; Stephen B Gordon; Enitan D Carrol; Joep J van Oosterhout; Elizabeth M Molyneux; Malcolm Molyneux; Neil French; Robert S Heyderman Journal: PLoS One Date: 2011-03-15 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Alphonse Okwera; Freddie Bwanga; Irene Najjingo; Yusuf Mulumba; David K Mafigiri; Christopher C Whalen; Moses L Joloba Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-12-03 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Dishon Muloi; John Kiiru; Melissa J Ward; James M Hassell; Judy M Bettridge; Timothy P Robinson; Bram A D van Bunnik; Margo Chase-Topping; Gail Robertson; Amy B Pedersen; Eric M Fèvre; Mark E J Woolhouse; Erastus K Kang'ethe; Samuel Kariuki Journal: Int J Antimicrob Agents Date: 2019-08-19 Impact factor: 5.283