Establishment of a novel method for cryopreservation and thawing of the mouse ovary.

During cryopreservation of ovarian tissue, the conditions of freezing and thawing are big factors controlling the survival rate of oocytes obtained. However, the conditions and procedures as they pertain to ovarian follicles and oocytes have not been established. Thus, we tried to determine the appropriate freeze-thaw times using the vitrification method with ethylene glycol and DMSO as cryoprotective agents and dd Y female mouse ovaries. The maturity rate from GV to the metaphase-II (MII) stage was 62.8% with ethylene glycol and 69.3% using DMSO, while the controls (GV oocytes obtained from a fresh ovary) showed a maturation rate of 83.6% (46/55). MII oocytes obtained by culturing GV oocytes in vitro showed a 64.3% (18/28) fertility rate via in vitro fertilization and a developmental rate into a 2 cell stage embryo of 35.7% (10/28) and into a 4-cell stage, 7.1% (2/28). However, development beyond the 8 cell stage embryo was not observed. A significant difference was not recognized between control (fresh) and ovarian tissues that had been frozen/thawed with respect to their ability to produce hormones. It is concluded that the vitrification method was effective for both freezing ovarian tissues and preserving its functional ability (maturation and capacitation).