Age-related iso-MAC charts for isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane in man.

BACKGROUND: The motivation for this study was the current difficulty in estimating the total age-related MAC for a patient in a clinical setting.
METHODS: Age-related iso-MAC charts for isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane were developed for the clinically useful MAC range (0.6-1.6), age range 5-95 yr, and put in a convenient form for use by practising anaesthetists. The charts are based on Mapleson's meta-analysis (1996) of the available MAC data and can be used to allow for the contribution of nitrous oxide to the total MAC.
RESULTS: The charts indicate the influence of age on anaesthetic requirements, showing, for example, that a total MAC of 1.2 using isoflurane and nitrous oxide 67% in oxygen requires an end-expired isoflurane concentration of only 0.25% in a patient of 95 yr vs 1% in a 5-yr-old patient. Colleagues found the charts to be helpful and simple to use clinically.
CONCLUSIONS: The iso-MAC charts show clearly how patient age can be used to guide the choice of end-expired agent concentration. They also allow a consistent total MAC to be maintained when changing the inspired nitrous oxide concentration, thereby reducing the chance of inadvertent awareness, particularly at the extremes of age.