CSF and serum orosomucoid (alpha-1-acid glycoprotein) in patients with multiple sclerosis: a comparison among particular subgroups of MS patients.

INTRODUCTION: To compare cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum orosomucoid (alpha-1-acid glycoprotein-AAG) concentrations in various subgroups of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: CSF and serum AAG concentrations, AAG quotient (i.e., CSF AAG/serum AAGx10(3)) and index were determined in a group of 59 patients with clinically definite or probable MS. Patients were subdivided according to the disease form, disease severity according to an expanded disability status scale (EDSS), its treatment, disease duration and sex.
RESULTS: CSF AAG was increased in 52.5% of the patients and AAG quotient even in 64.4%. An increase in the CSF AAG concentration, as well as in AAG quotient and index, appear only after several years of disease duration, while no significant correlation with age has been found. This suggests that CSF AAG changes in MS represent a secondary, unspecific phenomenon and that this protein is not relevant for the aethiopathogenesis of the disease. Nevertheless, the finding of subnormal CSF AAG levels in some MS patients in remission (never observed in those in the attack) implies the possibility that CSF AAG may be used as a "state marker" in MS. Serum AAG levels were significantly lower in secondary progressive form and in severely disabled patients. This observation suggest that serum AAG values determination might have some prognostic significance. Further studies are, however, needed. Serum AAG should be investigated in parallel with other CSF and serum protein fractions in order to establish a pannel of examinations enabling multiple statistical analyses. This approach may lead to the finding of a "complex state marker" enabling thus to evaluate more precisely disease course in individual patients and to accept appropriate therapeutic measures.