Colloid mobilization in water-saturated porous media under transient chemical conditions.

This research focuses on the effects of transients in porewater chemistry on colloid mobilization within water-saturated porous media. We develop a model that couples equations for solute transport with those for colloid release and transport. The model accounts for heterogeneity in the interaction energies between deposited colloids and the mineral grains by dividing the immobile-phase colloid population into a series of compartments. Each compartment releases colloids at a characteristic critical solute concentration, which is assigned on the basis of a piece-wise linear distribution function. We test this model against data from column experiments in which successive step-change reductions in porewater NaCl concentrations induced pulse-type releases of silica colloids from the surfaces of quartz sand. Comparison of experimental and computed results reveals that colloid release rates vary nonlinearly with the immobile-phase colloid concentration and depend on the chemical conditions under which the colloids were deposited on the quartz sand. Our work demonstrates that colloid mobilization kinetics can be quantified given knowledge of the spatiotemporal changes in porewater chemistry.