A G B Amoah1, D P Schuster, T Gaillard, K Osei. 1. Diabetes Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Post Office Box 4236, Accra, Ghana. agbamoah@ghana.com
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The objective of this study was to examine the relationships among insulin and insulin sensitivity and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in native Ghanaians with and without hypertension. METHODS: We measured the anthropometric parameters, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting serum triglycerides, cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting and stimulated glucose, insulin and C-peptide of 200 Ghanaian subjects, who were between 25 to 74 years of age, and residing in the Accra Metropolitan area. Serum glucose, C-peptide and insulin concentrations were measured at baseline (fasting) and also 2 h after 75 gm oral glucose drink. Homeostasis model assessment was used to measure insulin resistance. Hypertension was defined as a blood pressure higher than 140/90 mmHg. RESULTS: There were 53 subjects with hypertension (HBP) and 147 subjects with normal blood pressure (NBP). The mean BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-hip circumference ratio for HBP and NBP subjects were 27.4+/-0.8, 24.8+/-0.4 kg/m(2); 89.8+/-11.7, 81.1+/-0.9 cm; and 0.87+/-0.08, 0.82+/-0.08 respectively, (p<0.05). The fasting and 2-h plasma glucose concentrations in HBP and NBP subjects were 5.5+/-0.2, 7.2+/-0.3 mmol/l and 5.2+/-01, 6.8+/-0.2 mmol/l respectively (p>0.05). The corresponding fasting and 2-h insulin concentrations were 10.0+/-0.7, 8.0+/-0.4 uU/ml and 47.3+/-3.7, 37.3+/-2.5 uU/ml respectively (p<0.05). The insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in the HBP and the NBP groups were 2.49+/-0.2 and 1.95+/-0.13 (p<0.05). The two groups had similar fasting and stimulated C-peptide, lipids and HDL concentrations. Correlations were found between blood pressure and the concentrations of lipids, HDL, fasting and stimulated insulin and C-peptide, and between fasting insulin and HOMA-IR with lipids and HDL concentrations. On multiple regression analysis, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR did not influence blood pressure variations significantly. CONCLUSIONS/ INTERPRETATION: We found clustering of hyperinsulinaemia, insulin resistance and truncal obesity in hypertensive Ghanaian subjects but dissociation between insulin resistance, hypertension and atherogenic lipid and lipoprotein profile.
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The objective of this study was to examine the relationships among insulin and insulin sensitivity and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in native Ghanaians with and without hypertension. METHODS: We measured the anthropometric parameters, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting serum triglycerides, cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting and stimulated glucose, insulin and C-peptide of 200 Ghanaian subjects, who were between 25 to 74 years of age, and residing in the Accra Metropolitan area. Serum glucose, C-peptide and insulin concentrations were measured at baseline (fasting) and also 2 h after 75 gm oral glucose drink. Homeostasis model assessment was used to measure insulin resistance. Hypertension was defined as a blood pressure higher than 140/90 mmHg. RESULTS: There were 53 subjects with hypertension (HBP) and 147 subjects with normal blood pressure (NBP). The mean BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-hip circumference ratio for HBP and NBP subjects were 27.4+/-0.8, 24.8+/-0.4 kg/m(2); 89.8+/-11.7, 81.1+/-0.9 cm; and 0.87+/-0.08, 0.82+/-0.08 respectively, (p<0.05). The fasting and 2-h plasma glucose concentrations in HBP and NBP subjects were 5.5+/-0.2, 7.2+/-0.3 mmol/l and 5.2+/-01, 6.8+/-0.2 mmol/l respectively (p>0.05). The corresponding fasting and 2-h insulin concentrations were 10.0+/-0.7, 8.0+/-0.4 uU/ml and 47.3+/-3.7, 37.3+/-2.5 uU/ml respectively (p<0.05). The insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in the HBP and the NBP groups were 2.49+/-0.2 and 1.95+/-0.13 (p<0.05). The two groups had similar fasting and stimulated C-peptide, lipids and HDL concentrations. Correlations were found between blood pressure and the concentrations of lipids, HDL, fasting and stimulated insulin and C-peptide, and between fasting insulin and HOMA-IR with lipids and HDL concentrations. On multiple regression analysis, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR did not influence blood pressure variations significantly. CONCLUSIONS/ INTERPRETATION: We found clustering of hyperinsulinaemia, insulin resistance and truncal obesity in hypertensive Ghanaian subjects but dissociation between insulin resistance, hypertension and atherogenic lipid and lipoprotein profile.
Authors: S M Haffner; G Howard; E Mayer; R N Bergman; P J Savage; M Rewers; L Mykkänen; A J Karter; R Hamman; M F Saad Journal: Diabetes Date: 1997-01 Impact factor: 9.461
Authors: J M Oli; A A Adeyemo; G O Okafor; E N Ofoegbu; B Onyenekwe; C J Chukwuka; C N Onwasigwe; S Ufelle; G Chen; C N Rotimi Journal: Metab Syndr Relat Disord Date: 2009-12 Impact factor: 1.894