BACKGROUND & AIMS: Ablation of the enteric glia leads to a fulminant hemorrhagic jejunoileitis. We hypothesized that glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) may be involved in mucosal protection of the gut. Therefore, we examined the regulation of GDNF and its receptor (GFR-alpha1) in colonic inflammation and its effects on colonic epithelial cell apoptosis. METHODS: The expression of GDNF and GFR-alpha1 was investigated in experimental colitis of rats and in human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). GDNF-induced activation of Akt (protein kinase B [PKB]) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the colonic epithelial cell lines HT-29 and SW480 was studied. Furthermore, the antiapoptotic potency of GDNF in SW480 cells was evaluated. RESULTS: GDNF was specifically up-regulated in experimental rat colitis and in IBD. In contrast, GFR-alpha1 was constitutively expressed in rat and human colonic epithelium. GDNF potently activated MAPK and Akt (PKB) in colonic epithelial cells. Moreover, GDNF strongly prevented apoptosis in SW480 cells. Our data show that GDNF-mediated protection against apoptosis depends on activation of the MAPK and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt (PKB) pathways. CONCLUSIONS: GDNF is up-regulated in IBD and has strong antiapoptotic properties in colonic epithelial cells. This points to a novel role of the neurotrophic factor GDNF for mucosal protection and regeneration in IBD.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Ablation of the enteric glia leads to a fulminant hemorrhagic jejunoileitis. We hypothesized that glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) may be involved in mucosal protection of the gut. Therefore, we examined the regulation of GDNF and its receptor (GFR-alpha1) in colonic inflammation and its effects on colonic epithelial cell apoptosis. METHODS: The expression of GDNF and GFR-alpha1 was investigated in experimental colitis of rats and in humaninflammatory bowel disease (IBD). GDNF-induced activation of Akt (protein kinase B [PKB]) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the colonic epithelial cell lines HT-29 and SW480 was studied. Furthermore, the antiapoptotic potency of GDNF in SW480 cells was evaluated. RESULTS:GDNF was specifically up-regulated in experimental ratcolitis and in IBD. In contrast, GFR-alpha1 was constitutively expressed in rat and human colonic epithelium. GDNF potently activated MAPK and Akt (PKB) in colonic epithelial cells. Moreover, GDNF strongly prevented apoptosis in SW480 cells. Our data show that GDNF-mediated protection against apoptosis depends on activation of the MAPK and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt (PKB) pathways. CONCLUSIONS:GDNF is up-regulated in IBD and has strong antiapoptotic properties in colonic epithelial cells. This points to a novel role of the neurotrophic factor GDNF for mucosal protection and regeneration in IBD.
Authors: Gilad Halpert; Tom Eitan; Elena Voronov; Ron N Apte; Lea Rath-Wolfson; Michael Albeck; Yona Kalechman; Benjamin Sredni Journal: J Biol Chem Date: 2014-04-24 Impact factor: 5.157
Authors: Hind Abdo; Maxime M Mahé; Pascal Derkinderen; Kalyane Bach-Ngohou; Michel Neunlist; Bernard Lardeux Journal: J Physiol Date: 2012-04-02 Impact factor: 5.182
Authors: Michael Meir; Natalie Burkard; Hanna Ungewiß; Markus Diefenbacher; Sven Flemming; Felix Kannapin; Christoph-Thomas Germer; Matthias Schweinlin; Marco Metzger; Jens Waschke; Nicolas Schlegel Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2019-06-17 Impact factor: 14.808