[A case of Guillain-Barré Syndrome complicated with Fat Embolism syndrome].

A 22-year-old man was admitted to our ICU for treatment of fat embolism syndrome complicated with multiple bone fractures. Acute respiratory distress syndrome developed, and the patient received steroid therapy. During the steroid therapy, symmetrical proximal muscle weakness of all four limbs without sensory abnormalities and autonomic nervous system dysfunction developed. Cerebrospinal fluid showed albuminocytologic dissociation. Blood examination showed herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus infection. The patient was diagnosed as having Guillain-Barré syndrome, but he recovered completely one month after admission. It is thought that the prolonged steroid therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome in this case induced viral infection that might have caused Guillain-Barré syndrome.