Pattern discrimination by the honeybee (Apis mellifera): training on two pairs of patterns alternately.

Pattern discrimination in the honeybee was studied by training alternately with two different pairs of patterns. Individually marked bees made a forced choice from a fixed distance in a standard Y-choice maze for a reward of sugar solution. Bees were trained, first on one pair of patterns for 10min then on a second pair, and so on, alternately between the two pairs. The pairs of patterns were selected to test the hypothesis that bees have a limited number of parallel mechanisms for the detection and discrimination of certain generalized global features. If this is so, it might be expected that each channel could process one pair of patterns simultaneously, but two pairs of patterns that are processed by the same channel would interfere with each other during the learning process. Features tested were: average orientation of edges, radial and tangential edges based on a symmetry of three or six, the position of a black spot, and the exchange of black and white. The bees fail to learn when the two alternated pairs of patterns offer the same feature, and they discriminate when the pairs offer two different features.