Transient paraplegia revealed by intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring: was it caused by the epidural anesthetic or an epidural hematoma?

IMPLICATIONS: Our case report describes the electrophysiological features associated with the development of a spinal epidural hematoma during surgery of the lumbar spine. It stresses the importance of the evaluation of nonsurgical factors, which can potentially affect intraoperative evoked potentials; in this case, epidural local anesthetic or epidural hematoma.