Modulation of late phases of long-term potentiation in rat dentate gyrus by stimulation of the medial septum.

The prolonged maintenance of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) seems to require heterosynaptic events during its induction. We have previously shown that stimulation of the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) within a distinct time window can reinforce a transient early-LTP into a long-lasting late-LTP in the dentate gyrus (DG) in freely moving rats. We have shown that this reinforcement was dependent on beta-adrenergic and/or muscarinergic receptor activation and protein synthesis. However, since the BLA does not directly stimulate the DG the question remained by which inputs such heterosynaptic processes are triggered. We have now directly stimulated the medial septal pathway 15 min after induction of early-LTP in the DG and show that this input is capable of reinforcing early into late-LTP in a frequency-dependent manner. This septal reinforcement of DG LTP was dependent on beta-adrenergic receptor activation and protein synthesis. We suggest that the reinforcing effect of the BLA stimulation can, potentially, be mediated via the septal input to the DG, though it differs in its ability to induce or modulate functional plasticity.