The effects of anticancer chemotherapeutic drugs on cognitive function and other neuropsychiatric dimensions in breast cancer patients.

This preliminary study aimed to apply a novel computerized measure derived from the content analysis of 5-min speech samples from patients with breast cancer to measure cognitive impairment and other neuropsychiatric dimensions during the course of anticancer chemotherapeutic treatment. Since such patients are often administered other pharmacological agents to alleviate their symptoms in addition to anticancer chemotherapeutic agents, another aim was to try to distinguish the mental effects of the anticancer drugs from the effects of any other drugs administered. Before and during the course of their anticancer chemotherapy, 12 breast cancer patients gave 5-min verbal samples, elicited by purposely ambiguous instructions, to talk about any personal life experiences. The recorded verbal samples were scored by a computer program (PCAD 2000) to measure the magnitude of cognitive impairment and other relevant neuropsychiatric dimensions. All of the pharmacological agents administered to the patients were recorded. The computer program automatically compared the scores derived from each verbal sample to already established norms to determine whether each score was within normal limits or one to three standard deviations from the norms. Significantly elevated Cognitive Impairment Scale scores were found in the verbal samples of 9 of the 12 patients. All patients had instances of elevated Health/Sickness Content Analysis Scale scores as well as frequent significantly elevated scores in shame anxiety and in death anxiety. In the Quality of Life Content Scale, the scores were uniformly low, ranging from +1.64 to -9.11. Further studies are being carried out to determine which patients are especially susceptible to cognitive impairment under these treatment conditions.