Students with chronic illnesses: guidance for families, schools, and students.

Developed by a work group representing several nonprofit and federal health and education organizations, Students with Chronic Illnesses: Guidance for Families, Schools, and Students provides cross-cutting action steps to facilitate full participation in learning and other school activities by students with chronic diseases. Between 10% and 15% of children in the United States are affected by at least one chronic disease. This guide offers practical tips to help ensure that schools are responsive to the health needs of children with chronic illnesses. Children with chronic health conditions are more likely to miss days from school, need specialized health care, and require special education services or homebound teaching. School health advocates agree that meeting the needs of these children requires collaboration among the students, their families, school personnel, and community health care providers. Such efforts can help students establish better attendance, improve their alertness and physical stamina, and face fewer restrictions on physical activity at school and fewer medical emergencies. The guide addresses issues such as routine and urgent care needs of students, medication access and administration, and school personnel training to ensure compliance with applicable local, state, and federal regulations. While emphasizing the value of adopting general policies for supporting students with chronic conditions, the guide also encourages schools to develop and implement condition-specific and individualized protocols. The responsibilities of family members, school district officials, teachers and school administrators, and students are outlined to help each constituent fulfill these objectives.