Rami Eliakim1, Fanny Karmeli. 1. Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, Affiliated to Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel. r_eliakim@rambam.health.gov.il
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chronic nicotine administration has a dual effect on inflammatory bowel disease: augmentation of jejunitis and amelioration of colitis. We previously showed that chronic nicotine administration has divergent regional effects on small bowel and colonic mucosal mediators and blood flow. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of nicotine administration on cytokine levels in normal rat small bowel mucosa, colonic mucosa, and blood. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-250 g were given nicotine (12.5 micrograms/ml) that was dissolved in tap water. Rats were sacrificed on days 1, 2, 7 and 14 after nicotine initiation; blood was withdrawn, and small bowel and colon were resected, washed and weighed. Mucosal scrapings were extracted in 2 ml Krebs-Hemselest buffer for determination of interleukins-2, 6 and 10 using the Biosource International Immunoassay Kit. RESULTS: Nicotine decreased IL-10 and increased IL-6 levels in small bowel mucosa (from 3.5 +/- 0.5 to 0.4 +/- 0.1 pg/ml and from 1.9 +/- 0.4 to 13.6 +/- 0.4 pg/ml respectively; P < 0.05). Nicotine decreased IL-2 levels in the colon (from 15.8 +/- 3.0 to 7.9 +/- 1.0 pg/ml; P < 0.05), having no effect on IL-10 or IL-6 levels. Rats treated with nicotine had lower IL-6 and IL-2 blood levels compared to control rats. CONCLUSIONS: Nicotine has different regional effects on small bowel and colonic cytokine mucosal levels, which might explain some of its opposite effects on small bowel and colonic inflammation.
BACKGROUND: Chronic nicotine administration has a dual effect on inflammatory bowel disease: augmentation of jejunitis and amelioration of colitis. We previously showed that chronic nicotine administration has divergent regional effects on small bowel and colonic mucosal mediators and blood flow. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of nicotine administration on cytokine levels in normal ratsmall bowel mucosa, colonic mucosa, and blood. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-250 g were given nicotine (12.5 micrograms/ml) that was dissolved in tap water. Rats were sacrificed on days 1, 2, 7 and 14 after nicotine initiation; blood was withdrawn, and small bowel and colon were resected, washed and weighed. Mucosal scrapings were extracted in 2 ml Krebs-Hemselest buffer for determination of interleukins-2, 6 and 10 using the Biosource International Immunoassay Kit. RESULTS:Nicotine decreased IL-10 and increased IL-6 levels in small bowel mucosa (from 3.5 +/- 0.5 to 0.4 +/- 0.1 pg/ml and from 1.9 +/- 0.4 to 13.6 +/- 0.4 pg/ml respectively; P < 0.05). Nicotine decreased IL-2 levels in the colon (from 15.8 +/- 3.0 to 7.9 +/- 1.0 pg/ml; P < 0.05), having no effect on IL-10 or IL-6 levels. Rats treated with nicotine had lower IL-6 and IL-2 blood levels compared to control rats. CONCLUSIONS:Nicotine has different regional effects on small bowel and colonic cytokine mucosal levels, which might explain some of its opposite effects on small bowel and colonic inflammation.
Authors: Rubina W Saeed; Santosh Varma; Tina Peng-Nemeroff; Barbara Sherry; David Balakhaneh; Jared Huston; Kevin J Tracey; Yousef Al-Abed; Christine N Metz Journal: J Exp Med Date: 2005-04-04 Impact factor: 14.307
Authors: Aditi Sharma; Jasper Lee; Ayden G Fonseca; Alex Moshensky; Taha Kothari; Ibrahim M Sayed; Stella-Rita Ibeawuchi; Rama F Pranadinata; Jason Ear; Debashis Sahoo; Laura E Crotty-Alexander; Pradipta Ghosh; Soumita Das Journal: iScience Date: 2021-01-06