Further studies of the potential-dependence of the sodium-induced membrane current in snail neurones.

1. The potential-dependence of the membrane current induced by intracellular injections of sodium ions was studied on giant neurones of the snail Helix pomatia. This current decreases with membrane hyperpolarization at room temperature and can be reversed at sufficiently negative holding potentials. The same injections at 7 degrees C, as well as injections of lithium or potassium ions do not induce membrane currents and do not increase membrane conductance. 2. An increase in the amount of injected sodium changes the potential-dependence of the induced membrane currents. Small injections (about 1 muC) induce a current that does not depend upon the membrane potential. Further increase in the injection size not only increases the induced current but also enhances its potential-dependence and often reveals the existence of a reversal potential. The latter reaches -60 to -65 mV with large sodium injections. 3. An increase in extracellular potassium concentration from 4 to 8 mM shifts the reversal potential 17 mV in the depolarizing direction, and a decrease from 4 to 2 mM shifts it 14 mV in the hyperpolarizing direction. Replacement of potassium by rubidium or elimination of sodium ions from the outside solution, does not affect the induced current or its potential-dependence. 4. The coefficient of electrogenicity (the ratio between the amount of charge transferred by the sodium-induced membrane current and the amount brought into the cell during the injection) increases with an increase in the injection size if the membrane potential is clamped near the resting potential level. This relation is reversed when the holding potential is -80 mV. The reversal takes place at holding potentials near -60 mV. 5. 10 mM TEA does not affect the induced current and its potential-dependence. 6. It is suggested that the potential-dependence of the sodium-induced membrane current is a result of a specific increase in the membrane potassium conductance that is coupled with high activity of the sodium pump.