BACKGROUND: Branched-chain fatty acids or fatty alcohols have been reported to possess anti-tumor activity in various tumor models. Here we study 12-methyltetradecanoic acid (12-MTA), a branched-chain fatty acid, isolated from a sea cucumber extract, on the growth of prostate cancer cells and investigate the underlying mechanisms of its effect. METHODS: 12-MTA was evaluated by MTT assay for its ability to inhibit cell proliferation in various cancer types. The ability of 12-MTA to induce apoptosis of PC3 cells was examined by morphologic changes, propidium iodide (PI) staining, and caspase-3 activation. Furthermore, alteration of eicosanoid metabolism by 12-MTA was examined in PC3 and RBL-1 cells and in purified lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. RESULTS: 12-MTA inhibited proliferation of various cell lines, with IC50s ranging from 17.99 to 35.44 microg/ml. PI staining clearly showed that 12-MTA caused PC3 cell death through induction of apoptosis. At 50 microg/ml, 12-MTA increased caspase-3 activity four to seven-fold compared with that in control cells. Examination of cellular arachidonate metabolism showed that at 25 microg/ml, 12-MTA reduced the level of 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) by 45%. Furthermore, exogenous 5-HETE protects PC3 cells from 12-MTA induced cell death. CONCLUSIONS: 12-MTA inhibited proliferation of cancer cells via apoptosis, in which caspase-3 may play a role. At relevant concentrations, 12-MTA can selectively inhibit the formation of 5-HETE, a metabolite of 5-lipoxygenase. This agent may be a novel adjunctive therapy for selected malignancies including prostate cancer. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
BACKGROUND:Branched-chain fatty acids or fatty alcohols have been reported to possess anti-tumor activity in various tumor models. Here we study 12-methyltetradecanoic acid (12-MTA), a branched-chain fatty acid, isolated from a sea cucumber extract, on the growth of prostate cancer cells and investigate the underlying mechanisms of its effect. METHODS:12-MTA was evaluated by MTT assay for its ability to inhibit cell proliferation in various cancer types. The ability of 12-MTA to induce apoptosis of PC3 cells was examined by morphologic changes, propidium iodide (PI) staining, and caspase-3 activation. Furthermore, alteration of eicosanoid metabolism by 12-MTA was examined in PC3 and RBL-1 cells and in purified lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. RESULTS:12-MTA inhibited proliferation of various cell lines, with IC50s ranging from 17.99 to 35.44 microg/ml. PI staining clearly showed that 12-MTA caused PC3 cell death through induction of apoptosis. At 50 microg/ml, 12-MTA increased caspase-3 activity four to seven-fold compared with that in control cells. Examination of cellular arachidonate metabolism showed that at 25 microg/ml, 12-MTA reduced the level of 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) by 45%. Furthermore, exogenous 5-HETE protects PC3 cells from 12-MTA induced cell death. CONCLUSIONS:12-MTA inhibited proliferation of cancer cells via apoptosis, in which caspase-3 may play a role. At relevant concentrations, 12-MTA can selectively inhibit the formation of 5-HETE, a metabolite of 5-lipoxygenase. This agent may be a novel adjunctive therapy for selected malignancies including prostate cancer. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Authors: Kasem Nithipatikom; Daniel M Brody; Alan T Tang; Vijaya L Manthati; John R Falck; Carol L Williams; William B Campbell Journal: Cancer Sci Date: 2010-08-27 Impact factor: 6.716
Authors: Naveena B Janakiram; Altaf Mohammed; Taylor Bryant; Stan Lightfoot; Peter D Collin; Vernon E Steele; Chinthalapally V Rao Journal: Cancer Prev Res (Phila) Date: 2015-02-05