A class V chitin synthase gene, chsA is essential for conidial and hyphal wall strength in the fungus Colletotrichum graminicola (Glomerella graminicola).

The Colletotrichum graminicola tagged mutant T30 has conidia that burst and hyphal tips that swell in media with low osmotic pressure. The disrupted gene in T30 was identified as a class V chitin synthase (CSV) "chsA," which has an open reading frame of 1783 amino acids and two introns that are 52 and 54 bp. C. graminicola has one copy of chsA and no other highly homologous class V CHSs. Reverse transcriptase PCR indicated that the T30 mutant does not express the chsA transcript fragment in the conserved region in CSVs. Complementation of the mutant with chsA indicates that the encoded protein is responsible for approximately 29% of the chitin in conidial walls, is essential for conidial wall strength in media with high water potential and contributes to strength of hyphal tips. Analysis of the aligned deduced amino acid sequences of the 10 fully sequenced CSVs suggests that they are in two subgroups.