Auditory evoked responses during different phases of menstrual cycle.

The electrophysiological correlates of changes in sensory function during menstrual cycle has already been studied and attributed to the hormonal influence. Effects of estrogen and progesterone on waves of auditory brainstem responses (ABR) have been reported and a hypothesis has been proposed that sex steroids have more influence on central auditory pathways. As mid-latency responses (MLRs) and slow vertex responses (SVRs) are better indicators of central auditory pathways, so MLRs and SVRs were also recorded besides ABRs in the present study. Waves of ABRs, MLRs & SVRs were recorded in 20 normal cycling females in 4 different phases of menstrual cycles from Cz-A1 and Cz-A2 position with alternating 90dB sound pressure click stimuli. Contralateral ear was masked with a white noise of -40 dBHL. With the same setting by changing the number of click stimuli, intervals of stimuli and filter bandpass the above 3 recordings were taken. The evoked responses in females having ovulatory cycles were compared within the four phases using ANOVA test. There is a trend of increase in peak latencies of ABR waves III and V and IPL I-V in estrogen-peak midcycle while decrease in latencies in progesterone-peak (interpeak latency) midluteal phase. Peak latencies of MLR waves No, Po, Na, Pa and Pb also show a same trend. SVR waves P2 and N2 are significantly delayed in mid-cycle (178.80 +/- 20.49, 276.65 +/- 18.32) while conduction is faster in midluteal phase (166.45 +/- 17.41, 261.95 +/- 21.07). Smallest latencies of all the waves are occurring during menstruation. These findings are suggesting that normal cyclical variations in the levels of estrogen and progesterone during menstrual cycle do affect the auditory pathways and effects are better seen on the central component.