Human hip dysplasia: evolution of current treatment concepts.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip is best treated during infancy. Residual dysplasia is a major cause of disability and should be corrected surgically at an early age. Children 3-8 years of age are usually treated with an acetabular reshaping osteotomy, such as the Pemberton procedure or the San Diego osteotomy. Children over age 8-10 years are best treated using triple innominate osteotomy. After age 14-15 years, when the triradiate cartilage is closed, the Ganz periacetabular osteotomy provides effective correction of residual dysplasia. Surgical intervention during childhood or teenage years can alter the natural history of hip dysplasia and greatly improve hip-joint longevity.