BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cellular origin of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) in the human brain and its roles in physiological and pathological conditions remain to be clarified. METHODS: Immunolocalization of ApoE was investigated in a series of autopsied human brains with or without infarction. ApoE expression was also estimated on immunoblot on protein extracts from autopsied brains and a cultured neuroblastoma cell line of human origin (GOTO) subjected to an oxidative stress induced by exposure to hydrogen peroxide (0.2 mmol/L). RESULTS: In addition to astrocytes and microglia, neurons and degenerated axons in and around the ischemic foci contained ApoE-like immunoreactivity, which was more intense in recent ischemic foci. Immunoblot demonstrated an increase in expression of ApoE in brain extracts from ischemic lesion, and this increase was also pronounced in the cultured neuroblastoma cell line after the stress. CONCLUSIONS: Accumulation of ApoE in neurons in and around ischemic foci of the human brain is related to an increase in ApoE synthesis in neurons, as seen in cultured neuronal cells after oxidative stress. Intrinsic regenerative activity of neuron in reaction to external insults may be related to this increase in ApoE of neuronal origin.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cellular origin of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) in the human brain and its roles in physiological and pathological conditions remain to be clarified. METHODS: Immunolocalization of ApoE was investigated in a series of autopsied human brains with or without infarction. ApoE expression was also estimated on immunoblot on protein extracts from autopsied brains and a cultured neuroblastoma cell line of human origin (GOTO) subjected to an oxidative stress induced by exposure to hydrogen peroxide (0.2 mmol/L). RESULTS: In addition to astrocytes and microglia, neurons and degenerated axons in and around the ischemic foci contained ApoE-like immunoreactivity, which was more intense in recent ischemic foci. Immunoblot demonstrated an increase in expression of ApoE in brain extracts from ischemic lesion, and this increase was also pronounced in the cultured neuroblastoma cell line after the stress. CONCLUSIONS: Accumulation of ApoE in neurons in and around ischemic foci of the human brain is related to an increase in ApoE synthesis in neurons, as seen in cultured neuronal cells after oxidative stress. Intrinsic regenerative activity of neuron in reaction to external insults may be related to this increase in ApoE of neuronal origin.
Authors: Shengjun Chang; Tian ran Ma; R Dennis Miranda; Maureen E Balestra; Robert W Mahley; Yadong Huang Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2005-12-12 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Jon B Toledo; Xiao Da; Michael W Weiner; David A Wolk; Sharon X Xie; Steven E Arnold; Christos Davatzikos; Leslie M Shaw; John Q Trojanowski Journal: Acta Neuropathol Date: 2014-01-03 Impact factor: 17.088
Authors: Faith M Harris; Walter J Brecht; Qin Xu; Ina Tesseur; Lisa Kekonius; Tony Wyss-Coray; Jo Dee Fish; Eliezer Masliah; Paul C Hopkins; Kimberly Scearce-Levie; Karl H Weisgraber; Lennart Mucke; Robert W Mahley; Yadong Huang Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2003-08-25 Impact factor: 11.205