Characterization and health risk assessment of postmenopausal women with epilepsy.

Postmenopausal women with epilepsy represent an understudied patient population. The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to characterize the impact of menopause on seizure activity and to conduct a health risk assessment. We conducted telephone interviews of 40 postmenopausal women with epilepsy concerning the effect of menopause on seizure frequency. We surveyed use of hormone replacement therapy, postmenopausal bone fractures, use of vitamins, and frequency of exercise. The average age and mean seizure duration were 55.8 and 27.6 years, respectively. Twenty-six women had onset of seizure activity before menopause. Of these 26, 3 reported fewer seizures after menopause, 7 reported more seizures, 11 reported no change, and 5 were unsure whether menopause affected their seizures. Only 30% of the 40 women were currently taking hormone replacement therapy. The impact of menopause on seizure activity was variable. Osteoporotic and cardiovascular preventive measures are underutilized. Patient education on these protective measures should be part of the comprehensive treatment approach in this "at-risk" patient population.